[Git] 常用指令

• 初始化使用者資訊

git config --global user.email "my_email"
git config --global user.name "my_name"

• 初始化git目錄

git init

• 查看git狀態

git status

• 一次加入所有更改檔案

git add .
git add -A

• commit

git commit -m “commit message”

• 操作遠端repo

# 顯示資訊
git remote -v
git remote show origin
# 刪除目前origin
git remote rm origin
# 新增origin
git remote add origin git@github.com:SongRongLee/xxxxx.git

• 設定ssh與github連接: 官方教學

• 第一次push/pull

git push -u origin master
or
git branch -u origin/master
#以後只需要:
git push

• 返回特定commit

git reset --hard HEAD^
git reset --hard HEAD~2

• branch相關

# 以遠端分支為藍本建立本地new-branch
git checkout -b new-branch origin/master

# Delete a remote branch
git push -d origin bad-branch

# Delete a local branch
git branch -d bad-branch

# Sync remote branch information after deletion
git fetch --prune

# List all remote and local branches
git branch -a

# 修改branch名稱
git branch -m my-new-name

# push本地的local-branch到origin/remote-branch
git push origin local-branch:remote-branch

# Shows changes from from_branch to to_branch
git diff from_branch to_branch

• stash相關

# pull但是保留local change
git stash
git pull
git stash pop

# Stash untracked files
git stash -u

# List all stashes
git stash list

# Pop a certain stash
git stash pop stash@{n}

# Stash with a given message
git stash -m my_message

• 刪除first commit

git update-ref -d HEAD

• Unstage all changes

git reset

• Discard changes on one file

git checkout -- filename

• Force overwrite local repo

git reset --hard origin/master

• Move to next commit

git reset HEAD@{1}

• Rename

git mv

• Show ignored files

git status --ignored

• Remove untracked files and directories

git clean -dn  # Dry run
git clean -df  # Actual remove

• Check SHA-1 of commits from history

git reflog