[Docker] 常用指令 - Hubert's Coding Notes

Image

List all stored images

docker image ls

Pull an image

docker pull xxx

Build an image

$ docker build -t imagename:2.0 .

Delete specific images

docker rmi -f $(docker images -q myname)
# or
docker rmi -f image-name

Delete all images

docker rmi -f $(docker images -aq)

Container

Show all containers

docker ps -a

Run/stop a container

docker run -it ubuntu bash
# -d: Run in detached mode
# -v: HOST_PATH:CONTAINER_PATH
# --restart=always

# Stop a specific container
docker stop container_name

# Stop all containers
docker kill $(docker ps -q)

Enter/exit a container

# Enter an exited container
docker start myname
docker exec -it myname bash

# Detach from a container
Ctrl-p + Ctrl-q inside the container shell
# Re-attach into an up container shell
docker attach myname

Delete a specific container

docker rm -f container_name

Delete all containers

docker rm -f $(docker ps -aq)

Mirror ports

# HOST_PORT:CONTAINER_PORT
docker run -p 8000:8000 myimage

Copy file from/to container

docker cp test.txt mycontainer:/app/test.txt

Volume

List all volumes

docker volume ls

Mount a volume from another container

--volumes-from container_name

Networking

Link containers (legacy)

--link container_name (legacy)
# Then you can ping container_name
# It’s better to create a network and add the containers to the network as below

Create a network

docker network create network-name
# Creates a bridge network by default

network mode (–net)
- none: No network connection
- container: Mirror a specific container
- host: Mirror the host
- bridge: Default. Like NAT
- custom created network: Overlay or bridge

Tag

Tag an image for pushing

docker tag image-name DockerHubAcc/image-name

Save/Export and Load/Import

save (for image)

docker save myimage > myimage.tar

# Using gzip for compression
docker save myimage:tag | gzip > myimage_tag.tar.gz

load (for image)

docker load < myimage.tar

export (for container)

docker export mycontainer > mycontainer.tar

import (for container)

docker import mycontainer.tar image-name

Logging/Stats

Show log for a container

docker logs container_name
# Use -f to watch the logs

Show HW stats

docker stats

Cleanup

Delete all stopped containers

docker container prune

Clear all space used by images, containers and volumes

docker system prune --volumes  # Only remove dangling images
# -a: Remove all images with no container associated

Dockerfile

FROM

Use && and \ to chain commands to avoid too many intermediate images get created.

ADD/COPY

ADD can auto extract .tar.gz and handle remote URL, otherwise use COPY.

VOLUME

Declare auto created volumes using container paths

EXPOSE

Only for declaration purpose. docker run -P takes a random port to map to this exposed port.

CMD/ENTRYPOINT

Most likely the same if used alone. If ENTRYPOINT is used, commands are appended as its arguments (either specified in command line or using CMD. CMD will serve as a default argument in this case)

Docker-compose

File example

Pull all related images

docker-compose pull

Create/delete all objects

# Create all stuffs
docker-compose up -d

# Delete all stuffs
docker-compose down

Start/stop the containers

# Start the containers
docker-compose start

# Stop the containers
docker-compose stop

Show information

docker-compose logs
docker-compose ps